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Healing & repairPeptideEvidence CCurated profile

BPC-157

Body Protection Compound-157

aka Body Protection Compound 157 · PL 14736

A synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from a protein found in gastric juice. Studied for tissue repair, tendon/ligament healing, and gut protection in preclinical models.

Molecular wt
1419.5g/mol
Formula
C62H98N16O22
CAS
137525-51-0
Half-life
5 h
estimated
Tmax
30 min
Route
Subcutaneous injection
PubChem
9941957

Sequence

One-letter15 residues

GEPPPGKPADDAGLV

Three-letter

Gly-Glu-Pro-Pro-Pro-Gly-Lys-Pro-Ala-Asp-Asp-Ala-Gly-Leu-Val

Read this before quoting the sequence
Synthetic pentadecapeptide; a partial sequence of human gastric juice protein BPC. Sequence stated verbatim in the primary literature (Sikiric et al.) and matches the PubChem structure. No cysteine, methionine or tryptophan.
Source ↗

Mechanism of action

BPC-157 is thought to promote healing by modulating the expression of growth factors and cytokines involved in tissue repair. It enhances angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, which supports tissue regeneration. The peptide also stabilizes cellular membranes and protects against oxidative stress. Additionally, it may influence the nitric oxide system, contributing to its anti-inflammatory effects.

What the evidence actually shows

Grade C

Still only 3 published human studies (<30 subjects total). 2025 IV safety study (2 patients, no adverse effects). 2024 pilot in interstitial cystitis (12 women, 80-100% symptom resolution). FDA Category 2 expected to revert to Category 1. | REGULATORY: FDA Category 2 reclassification to Category 1 expected (announced Feb 2026).

Regulatory status

Status
Not approved for human use by any regulator. Sport Integrity Australia states BPC-157 is 'not approved by the TGA' and is 'an experimental drug which is not approved by TGA or any global regulatory authority for human use'. In the US it was nominated as a bulk drug substance for pharmacy compounding but appears in the FDA's 'nominated but withdrawn' table; the FDA noted it 'may pose risk for immunogenicity for certain routes of administration and may have complexities with regard to peptide-related impurities'.
Clinical stage
Two registered trials found: NCT02637284 (phase 1 safety/PK, status unknown, started 2015) and NCT07437547 (phase 2, acute hamstring muscle strain, recruiting, started 2026). No completed phase 2 result published.
WADA
Prohibited at all times under class S0 (Non-Approved Substances). Confirmed by USADA ('BPC-157 is prohibited under the S0 Non-Approved Substances category of the List') and by Sport Integrity Australia ('S0- Non-approved Substances (prohibited at all times)').
UK
research_compound

In the UK, BPC-157 is not approved for medical use and is considered a research compound. It is not licensed for human consumption.

Source ↗

Pharmacokinetics

Half-life
5 h
Tmax
30 min
Absorption
subcutaneous
Elimination
renal
Washout
3 days
Low-confidence pharmacokinetics
These figures are recorded as estimated rather than measured in a published PK study. Treat them as an order of magnitude. Anything downstream of them — accumulation, steady state, washout — inherits that uncertainty.

Dosing — what backs each figure

BPC-157 has no established human dosing. The entire human record is three small, uncontrolled studies: 10 mg injected into the bladder wall in 12 women, two intravenous infusions (10 mg then 20 mg) in two patients, and a retrospective chart review of intra-articular injections in 17 knees. A 2026 biopharmaceutical review states plainly that BPC-157 has no approved formulation, no validated dosing regimen and no completed phase II trial. The widely quoted 200-500 mcg/day subcutaneous figure and the 4-weeks-on/2-weeks-off cycle come from the community, not the literature.

ClinicalApproved labelling or a published human trial
PreclinicalAnimal studies — not a human dose

  • 10 mcg/kg/day and 10 ng/kg/day

    rat (cyclophosphamide-induced haemorrhagic cystitis) · intraperitoneal, or perorally in drinking water · PMID 31401154

  • 10 mcg/kg, 1 mcg/kg, 10 ng/kg and 10 pg/kg as single doses in anaphylactoid reaction models

    rat and mouse · intraperitoneal · PMID 24486708

Animal doses do not convert to human doses by body weight alone. Route matters too — a compound dosed intraperitoneally in mice tells you little about subcutaneous use.

Commonly circulatedNot established by any study
Dose
Research literature commonly cites 200 to 500 mcg/day (systemic); local use varies
Frequency
1-2x daily
Cycle
4-6 weeks· unsourced

Why this isn't evidence
The '200-500 mcg/day' figure appears in none of the three published human studies — those used 10 mg locally in the bladder, 10-20 mg intravenously in two patients, and an unrecorded intra-articular dose — and the rodent literature uses 10 mcg/kg and 10 ng/kg per kilogram, so the number is a community convention, as is the '4 weeks on, 2 weeks off' cycle.

This figure is shown because it is what circulates and what people search for — not because it is supported. Cycle lengths in particular tend to be convention copied between compounds rather than anything derived from a compound's own pharmacokinetics.

No established human dose
No approved label or completed human trial establishes a dosing regimen for this compound. Anything presented as a standard protocol for it — anywhere — is someone's convention rather than a finding.

Handling and storage

Lyophilized
Room temperature ≤ 30 days, refrigerated (2–8 °C) up to 24 months
Reconstituted
Refrigerated (2–8 °C), use within 30 days
Shipping
Cold-chain preferred; short room-temp exposure tolerated for lyophilized

Protect from light. Do not freeze reconstituted solution.

Source ↗
→ Reconstitution walkthrough→ Reconstitution calculator

Safety

Commonly reported
  • ·Mild injection site irritation
Rarely reported
  • ·Allergic reactions
Contraindications
  • ·Active malignancy (theoretical, due to angiogenic activity)
  • ·Not for human therapeutic use — research chemical
Drug interactions
  • ·None known, but caution with anticoagulants due to potential effects on blood vessels

Generally well tolerated in animal studies; human safety not established. Injection-site reactions

Reported combinations

Reported as synergistic
  • ·Collagen supplements
  • ·Vitamin C
Reported as antagonistic
  • ·NSAIDs, which may counteract healing effects

Combination claims in this dataset are largely unsourced and should be treated as folk knowledge until a citation appears beside them.

References (4)

Data provenance

Chemistry and citations on this page were checked against primary sources on 2026-08-14. Values that could not be verified were left blank rather than filled with a plausible guess.

Could not verify
storage.lyophilized, storage.reconstituted, storage.lightSensitive, reconstitution.solvent

Research use only
This profile is educational reference material. It is not medical advice, not a prescription, and not an endorsement of self-administration. Compounds discussed here are research chemicals and most are not approved for human therapeutic use.

Related in Healing & repair

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